515 results
Hypercalcemia - EKG Findings
Causes of Hypercalcemia 
• Malignancy 
• Milk-alkali syndrome 
• Vitamin D toxicity 
•
Hypercalcemia - ... EKG Findings Causes ... of Hypercalcemia ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram ... #Differential #Causes
Progressive ECG changes with increasing 
hyperkalaemia. 
 (a) Normal 
 (b) Tented T wave (arrow)
Progressive ECG ... with increasing hyperkalaemia ... Diagnosis #Cardiology #EKG ... #ECG #Hyperkalemia
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Adenoma
 • Hyperplasia
 • MEN 1 and 2A
Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Hypercalcemia - ... Hyperparathyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... Hypocalciuria Hypercalcemia ... Other Familial Hypercalcemias ... Malignancy • PTH-Related
ECG Changes with Potassium Imbalance
 - Normokalemia
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hyperkalemia

#Hypokalemia #Hyperkalemia #ECG #potassium #cardiology #ekg
ECG Changes with ... Hypokalemia - Hyperkalemia ... #Hypokalemia #Hyperkalemia ... #ECG #potassium ... #cardiology #ekg
Hypercalcemia Workup and Differential Diagnosis Framework
1) Determine whether PTH-dependent
2) Assess for other hormonal causes
3) Assess for
Hypercalcemia Workup ... Determine whether PTH-dependent ... other hormonal causes ... for non-hormonal causes ... uw_IMresidency #Hypercalcemia
Causes of Hypercalcemia
Hypercalcemia due to increased bone Ca2+ resorption:
 • Primary hyperparathyroidism, Malignancy, Pseudohyperparathyroidism, Renal failure,
Causes of Hypercalcemia ... Hypercalcemia ... Immobilization Hypercalcemia ... : • Familial hypercalcemic ... #Causes #differential
Hypercalcemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Elevated PTH (High or normal):
 • Primary Hyperparathyroidism
 • Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia
Low
Hypercalcemia - ... Algorithm Elevated PTH ... Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia ... Low PTH: • Elevated ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia ... Hemodialysis #Hyperkalemia ... Management #Diagnosis #ECG ... #EKG
Textbook progression Of EKG changes in Hyperkalemia. In reality, EKGs are far 
more variable and unpredictable.
progression Of EKG ... changes in Hyperkalemia ... #Hyperkalemia #Progression ... #EKG #ECG #Electrocardiogram
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - Causes ... Hyporeflexia: • Hypercalcemia ... Deep coma (any cause ... polyneuropathy (e.g ... Hyperreflexia: • Hypocalcemia