19 results
diagnosis nephrology differential causes hypokalemia hyperkalemia metabolic low management alkalosis nongap normal treatment urine aniongap comparison effects gitelman kdigo lactated
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Algorithm Cl- ... , a high urine chloride ... of sodium and potassium ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
• Metabolic acidosis ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
Causes of High-anion ... Causes of High-anion ... Potassium-sparing ... loads (ammonium chloride ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm ... Normal, Renin High ... hypoplasia Aldosterone high ... Hyperkalemia #Diagnosis #algorithm ... #nephrology #potassium
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... 1.5 mEq/L • Chloride ... 154 mEq/L • Chloride ... densa receives high ... chloride load -
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm ... treated with IV potassium ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology #low
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis ... Chloride Intoxication ... • Serum K high ... - Diarrhea - High ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm • IV calcium • IV insulin and glucose and/or salbutamolt • Consider
Hyperkalemia - Management Algorithm ... bicarbonate if acidosis ... Dialysis Serum potassium ... #high #diagnosis ... #management #algorithm
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L • Gastric alkalosis:
contracted: urine chloride ... chronic respiratory acidosis ... expanded: urine chloride ... other • Severe potassium ... Diagnosis #Causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Hypertensive: • High ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
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