29 results
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome ... nephrotic/nephritic syndromes ... dysmorphic RBCs in urine ... Nephritic #Nephrotic #Syndrome ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Prevention and Treatment of Nutritional Complications after Bariatric Surgery
Types of Bariatric Surgery:
 • Adjustable Gastric Banding
Switch (BPD-DS) Management ... Surgery: • Dumping Syndrome ... Hypoglycemia • Kidney ... #Surgery #Diagnosis ... #Deficiencies #Gastroenterology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... microscopy / urinary ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... • Cardio-renal syndrome ... #nephrology #causes
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... • Pulmonary pathology ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Algorithm Syndrome ... • Pulmonary pathology ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypo-osmolar urine ... #Hyponatremia #Nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Urinary Casts and ... and concentrated urine ... broad - Advanced kidney ... Fatty - Nephrotic syndrome ... #Microscopy #Diagnosis
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #diagnosis
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diuretics, Bartter Syndrome ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... #Causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
clots ➔ Lower Urinary ... disease - Alport syndrome ... pain hematuria syndrome ... • Nutcracker syndrome ... #nephrology #renal