26 results
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Causes of Hypokalemia ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... • Cushing's syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Alkalosis - Differential ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... Differential #Diagnosis ... #causes #low #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... #diagnosis #causes ... #low
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
suggests extra-renal ... ↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome
Causes of Hypokalemia
Transcellular Shifts:
 - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... diuresis, Bartter's syndrome ... use), Gitelman's syndrome ... #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
15% of AIHA Primary ... originate from a low-grade ... Syndrome (CAS): ... younger pts) Differential ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Impaired forward flow ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... nephropathy • Secondary ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Causes of Secondary ... and metabolic alkalosis ... Hypercalcemia, Cushing's syndrome ... White-coat syndrome ... Guillain-Barre Syndrome