29 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
SAME, Cushing Syndrome ... diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrom ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Diuretics, Bartter's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... acid, Liddle's syndrome ... • Cushing's syndrome ... #causes #nephrology
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertensive:
 • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism
 • High Al, High
acid, Liddle's Syndrome ... R - Cushing's syndrome ... , Gitelman's syndrome ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypomagnesemia - Differential Diagnosis
Renal Causes of Hypomagnesemia - Familial:
Bartter syndrome and Gitelman syndrome, Isolated recessive hypomagnesemia,
Diagnosis Renal ... Familial: Bartter syndrome ... and Gitelman syndrome ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #magnesium
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... Impaired forward flow ... inhibitors, hepatorenal syndrome ... nephropathy • Secondary ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Diuretics, Bartter Syndrome ... , Gitelman Syndrome ... GRA, Cushing's syndrome ... , Liddle syndrome ... #Nephrology #Causes
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
↓ Aldosterone: Syndrome ... excess, Liddle's syndrome ... Diuretics, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
Postparathyroidectomy (hungry bone syndrome ... metastasis (hungry bone syndrome ... Endocrine disorders: Syndrome ... #differential # ... diagnosis #nephrology
Metabolic Causes of Kidney Stones in Children
 • Calcium Oxalate: Primary Hyperoxaluria type 1-3, Secondary Hyperoxaluria
Acid: Lesch-Nyhan syndrome ... (RTA), Bartter Syndrome ... Syndrome (Oculo-Cerebro-Renal ... Syndrome), Dent's ... Stones #pediatrics #nephrology
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis: Differential Diagnosis
ECF volume contracted: urine chloride concentration <20 meq/L
 • Gastric alkalosis:
Severe Cushing syndrome ... Congenital AME syndrome ... ) • Gitelman syndrome ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #nephrology