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Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... octreotide), hyperK periodic ... reabsorption) Workup ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... #Treatment #potassium
ECG Changes with Potassium Imbalance
 - Normokalemia
 - Hypokalemia
 - Hyperkalemia

#Hypokalemia #Hyperkalemia #ECG #potassium #cardiology #ekg
ECG Changes with ... Potassium Imbalance ... Hyperkalemia #ECG ... #potassium #cardiology ... #diagnosis
Typical ECG changes associated with hyperkalemia. 
→ Peaked T wave
→ Wide PR interval, Wide QRS duration,
associated with hyperkalemia ... closely with serum potassium ... cardiac arrest ... #hyperkalemia #ECG ... electrocardiogram #potassium
Progressive ECG changes with increasing 
hyperkalaemia. 
 (a) Normal 
 (b) Tented T wave (arrow)
Progressive ECG ... with increasing hyperkalaemia ... ' pattern (pre-cardiac ... arrest) #Diagnosis ... #ECG #Hyperkalemia
EKG showing prominent U waves due to hypokalemia. Serum potassium 2.0. 

#EKG #emergencymedicine #criticalcare #cardiology #internalmedicine
EKG showing prominent ... U waves due to hypokalemia ... Serum potassium ... internalmedicine #EM #diagnosis ... Electrocardiogram #ECG
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia and Treatment
Membrane Stabilization
 - Calcium gluconate or chloride 
Redistribution
 - Insulin
ECG Changes in Hyperkalemia ... and Treatment ... Hemodialysis #Hyperkalemia ... #Treatment #Management ... #Diagnosis #ECG
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options
Stabilize cardiac membrane:
 • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes)
Decrease potassium concentration:
 • IV Fluids
Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... Options Stabilize cardiac ... minutes) Decrease potassium ... Fluids Shift potassium ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia

Consider risk factors for arrhythmia:
 - EKG changes (especially QT prolongation)
 - Digoxin
Checklist Approach to Hypokalemia ... arrhythmia: - EKG ... patients (including cardiac ... route = severe hypokalemia ... /hr for severe hypokalemia
Thyrotoxic Periodic Paralysis - Illness Script
 • Epidemiology: Asian men age 20-30 with hyperthyroidism of any
Thyrotoxic Periodic ... Labs/lmaging: Hypokalemia ... or high T3 • Treatment ... : Potassium and ... #Paralysis #diagnosis
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Hypokalemic periodic ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... nephrology #low #potassium