12 results
Systolic Murmurs - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Benign / Flow / Hyperdynamic:
 • Pregnancy
 • Fever
 • Anemia
Supravalvular
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Rupture • Endocarditis ... Papillary Muscle Dysfunction ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Artery Disease • Stable ... Pleural Thickening/Masses ... #Causes
Endocarditis Summary

Who?
Infectious:
• Pre-existing valvular disease
• Prosthetic valve
• Congenital heart disease
• IV substance use
• IV catheter
• Recent
positive in 90% of IE cases ... Septic Emboli Cause ... -> TEE • Duke Criteria ... Surgery: • Valvular dysfunction ... heart block • Persistent
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
-(rare), Valve dysfunction ... failure ++, Valve dysfunction ... in up to 30% of cases ... Valve destruction/dysfunction ... Marantic #diagnosis #table
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
Excessive GI losses ... renal tubular dysfunction ... Low #Magnesium #Table ... #Classification ... #Causes #Workup
Heat Illnesses and Heat Stroke - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Heat Cramps:
 • Muscle pain or spasm -
heat stress • Criteria ... , diarrhea - Persistent ... CNS dysfunction ... temperatures • Criteria ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Clinical Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

1. Pulmonary arterial hypertension from pulmonary vasculopathy
Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension
Heritable gene mutations
Clinical Classification ... hemolytic anemia - Persistent ... disease Systolic dysfunction ... Diastolic dysfunction ... #Differential #Causes
Tinnitus - Objective (can be heard/auscultated) - 10% - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Vascular - Arterial:
 • Atherosclerosis
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... artery near ear • Persistent ... Eustachian Tube Dysfunction ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Modified dengue severity classification, PAHO/WHO
Dengue without warning signs - DNWS:
 • Person who lives or has
dengue severity classification ... the following criteria ... Leukopenia • Cases ... Persistent vomiting ... fever #severity #classification
TABLE 2. Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) sub-classifications
lBS-diarrhoea (IBS-D)
 - >25% loose or watery stools; <25% hard
TABLE 2. ... syndrome (IBS) sub-classifications ... consistency to meet the criteria ... Subclassifications #Classes