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Table of Causes of Acute Liver Injury
#Diagnosis #Hepatology #Acute #Liver #Injury #Causes #Differential #Incidence #Table #Failure
Table of Causes ... of Acute Liver Injury ... #Diagnosis #Hepatology ... #Acute #Liver # ... Differential #Incidence
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) Clinical Guidelines

ACLF = possibly reversible condition in those with CLD (± cirrhosis)
Acute-on-Chronic ... those with CLD (± cirrhosis ... months without treatment ... Injury (DILI) ... #Failure #Cirrhosis
Indications for Albumin for Management of Cirrhosis
 • Large volume paracentesis (>5 liter) - 8g per
of Cirrhosis ... ascites removed • Acute ... kidney injury ( ... #Cirrhosis #treatment ... #hepatology
Elevated Liver Function Tests (LFTs) - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Mild (<100-500): 
 • NAFLD
 • Cirrhosis
 •
Tests (LFTs) - Differential ... • NAFLD • Cirrhosis ... Hepatopathy • Acute ... injury) • Ischemic ... #Diagnosis #hepatology
Patterns of Liver Injury
Transaminase Levels:
  > 50x normal - Ischemic Hepatitis
  > 20x normal
Patterns of Liver ... > 20x normal - Acute ... CMV), Alcoholic cirrhosis ... #Injury #hepatology ... transaminitis #differential
Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Vascular Causes of Acute Liver Injury: 
 • Hepatic vein:
Acute Liver Injury ... - Differential ... Liver Injury: ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... #differential #
Hepatitis B - Treatment Indications
Treatment not indicated:
 • Immune tolerant state - HBe-Ag detectable, high HBV
injury (INR > 2 ... > 3 mg/dL) or acute ... liver failure ... #Indications #management ... #hepatology
Liver Chemistries - Interpretation of LFTs

R-value: Serum (ALT/ULN ALT) / (Alk phos/ULN ALP)
 • R >
Mixed - Check Acute ... injury < 26 weeks ... hepatitis: < 1 • Cirrhosis ... chemistry #diagnosis #differential ... #Hepatology #transaminitis
IgG4-Related Disease
Clinical history:  Man, 60 years, multiorgan involvement, unique or multiple inflammatory pseudotumor
4 phenotypes:
 •
pseudotumor 4 phenotypes ... hypergammaglobulinemia, ↑ acute ... Disease #diagnosis #management ... #phenotypes #workup ... #treatment #rheumatology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute ... hyperaldosteronism • Acute ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Medications #Table