15 results
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... intake • Metabolic ... acidosis: Gl tract ... acidosis: Proximal ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
High Anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis (HAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis - GOLDMARK

Glycols - ethylene and propylene glycol
Oxoproline
Acidosis (HAGMA ... ) - Differential ... with short bowel syndrome ... salicylate toxicity causes ... Diagnosis #GOLDMARK #mnemonic
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Differentials? ... Metabolic acidosis ... Step 5 - Differential ... D-lactate (short bowel syndrome ... Classically” noted with pulmonary
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential ... - Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #causes
Causes of Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac:
 • Dysrhythmia
 • Ischemia
 • Cardiomyopathy
 • Valvular disease
Causes of Dyspnea ... - Differential ... Superior vena cava syndrome ... hypoventilation • Metabolic ... acidosis • Pregnancy
Causes of Chronic Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pericardial
 • Effusion
 • Cardiac Tamponade*
 • Constriction
Myocardial
 •
Causes of Chronic ... Dyspnea - Differential ... Acute Coronary Syndrome ... Hyperthyroidism • Metabolic ... Acidosis #Chronic
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... diuretic use, Bartter syndrome ... , Gitelman syndrome ... the indicated causes ... Algorithm #nephrology #differential
Dyspnea - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Cardiovascular Causes of Dyspnea:
 • Myocardium:
	- Heart failure
	- CAD/ACS
	- Valvulopathy
 • Electrical:
	-
Dyspnea - Differential ... fast - Too slow ... Hepatopulmonary syndrome ... Additional: - Acidosis ... #dyspnea #sob #differential
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
wasting from other causes ... suggests extra-renal causes ... consumption • Low ... acidosis: Proximal ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential
Abnormalities in Rate and Rhythm of Breathing 
Normal 
The respiratory rate is about 14—20 per min
, anxiety, and metabolic ... acidosis. ... acidosis. ... hyperventilation syndrome—a ... Breathing #Patterns #Pulmonary