11 results
Knee Examination
Right Knee - Examination maneuvers include the Lachman (ACL), anterior drawer (ACL), Lateral pivot shift,
anterior drawer (ACL ... pivot shift, Apley compression ... #Diagnosis #Sports ... #Knee #PhysicalExam ... #Drawer #Test #msk
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Reflexes: • Knee ... • Cauda Equina Syndrome ... - Low back pain ... Commonly caused ... Dermatomes #Myotomes #diagnosis
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Diagnosis Framework ... stenosis/nerve compression ... Herpes zoster - HIV ... #lower #extremity ... #msk #physicalexam
Causes of Knee Effusions - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Knee Effusion Red Flags:
1. Fever/Chills/Joint pain/Night sweats/Weight loss
	- DDX:
		-
Causes of Knee Effusions ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Fever/Chills/Joint pain ... Ligamentous injuries - Meniscal ... #msk #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
due to severe compression ... - Emergency Causes ... Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... #causes #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... continence • Pain ... Spinal Cord Causes ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... , lower extremity
Guillain-Barre Syndrome - Summary

Acute AIDP that presents with rapidly progressive flaccid weakness

Epidemiology:
 • 1-2 cases/100,000 per
Epidemiology: • 1-2 cases ... extremity, facial ... Hands or feet • Pain ... Guillain-Barre Diagnosis ... #diagnosis #management
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... tract, and often causes ... extremities, upper extremity ... , testes -> pain ... Cryoglobulins • HIV
Summary of Oncologic Emergencies

Neutropenic fever:
- Fever + ANC < 500 → start cefepime ± vancomycin (if
abdomen if abdominal pain ... Treat underlying cause ... : - Lower-extremity ... dyspnea, upper-extremity ... Oncology #HemeOnc #Diagnosis
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
Differential Diagnosis ... • Locked-in syndrome ... • Vestibulo-ocular ... Possible responses to pain ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam