31 results
Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Elevation - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

ALP:
 - Enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of organic phosphate
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Intestine - Other causes ... Drugs - Primary biliary ... PSC - Other biliary ... diseases/Bile duct
Liver Function Test (LFTs) Elevation
AST - Cardiac and skeletal muscle, kidney, brain
ALT - More specific for
the liver ALP - Biliary ... tree or bile flow ... Transaminase >> Alkaline ... Cholestatic Pattern - Alkaline
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) - Summary

PBC Epidemiology:
 • Female:Male 9:1
 • Common European descent
 • Age:
Primary Biliary ... ducts causes cholestasis ... PBC Labs: • Alkaline ... No extrahepatic biliary ... malignancy #Primary #Biliary
Elevated Liver Enzymes - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Severe ALT > 15x ULN
 • Viral
 • Drugs/Toxins
 •
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... US - Dilated Bile ... Duct Stone • Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes
Classification of Jaundice
Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (predominantly indirect bilirubin)
 • Increased bilirubin production (eg, hemolytic anemias, hemolytic reactions,
genes coding for bile ... cholestasis, and some cases ... miscellaneous causes ... external pressure on bile ... #differential #causes
Jaundice - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Pre-Hepatic - Unconjugated Hyperbilirubinemia
Increased Production
 • Hemolysis
 • Ineffective Erythropoiesis
 • Hematoma
Decreased
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... on Ultrasound Biliary ... Gallstones • Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hepatology
What the Color of Urine Can Tell You - Differential Diagnosis by Urine Color
Clear: excess water
Pale
dehydrated, liver/bile ... Indwelling Catheter + Alkaline ... differential #diagnosis #causes
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Cardiovascular Causes ... Disease • Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #causes
Causes of Acute Liver Injury - Differential Diagnosis
Hepatocellular - Liver Parenchyma
 • Infectious: Hepatitis C, A,
Causes of Acute ... hepatitis, Acute biliary ... Extrahepatic • Biliary ... Differential #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Acute #algorithm
Causes of Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Urine chloride < 20 mmol/l - Chloride responsive (Chloride
Causes of Metabolic ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... depletion, Exogenous alkali ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Causes ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm