16 results
Compelling and Possible Contraindications to Antihypertensive Drugs
Diuretics (thiazides)
 - Gout
 - Metabolic syndrome, Glucose intolerance, Pregnancy,
) - Gout - Metabolic ... (ACEI, ARB, diabetes ... ) ACE inhibitors ... , Bilateral renal ... , Bilateral renal
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Lower uric acid ... Hyperparathyroidism • Diabetic ... acidosis - Renal ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Extra-renal Losses ... : • Normal Acid-Base ... potassium #low #nephrology
Metabolic and Respiratory Acidosis and Alkalosis - Diagnostic Algorithm

Anion gap - MUDPILES: 
 - Methanol (formic
Metabolic and Respiratory ... Methanol (formic acid ... - Uremia - Diabetic ... Addison disease - Renal ... Recommended Text: Nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Non-anion Gap Metabolic ... Ketoacidosis: Diabetic ... , Pyroglutamic acid ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Renal tubular ... Ureterosigmoidostomy, Diabetic ... , glycyrrhizic acid ... #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Medications 2. ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... (Uncontrolled diabetes ... infusions) - Metabolic ... Medications 2. ... potassium #high #nephrology
Hypochloremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Cause - Decreased Intake:
 • Low salt in diet
 • Exclusive D5W
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... - Diarrhea • RENAL ... gas transport, renal ... secretion • Acid-base ... Pathophysiology #Nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... acidosis • Diabetic ... poisoning Normal acid-base ... and potassium acid ... #nephrology #differential