22 results
Mechanisms of Drug-Induced Hyperkalemia 
 • Direct renin inhibitor (Aliskiren)
 • Renin release inhibition (NSAIDs, Beta-Blockers)
• Direct renin inhibitor ... ) inhibitors (Lisinopril ... • Exogenous (KCL ... differential #diagnosis #pathophysiology ... #pharmacology #
Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Side Effects
 • Serotonin Syndrome:
   - Autonomic Hyperactivity:
Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors ... #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology # ... Psychiatry #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors(SNRIs): Mechanisms and Side Effects

Withdrawal: Dizziness, Diarrhea, Insomnia, Nausea, Vomiting
Serotonin Syndrome - Potentially Life
Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors ... #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology # ... Psychiatry #Diagnosis #Signs ... #Symptoms
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion 

Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine
Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Aldosterone Release: ACE ... inhibitors, ARBs ... #Hyperkalemia #Pathophysiology ... #Pharmacology #
Heart failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction (HFrEF)
Clinical Presentation
1. Typical symptoms: dyspnea, orthopnea paroxysmal noctumal dyspnea, fatigue,
Typical symptoms ... Less Typical Symptoms ... endomyocardial biopsy Pharmacology ... : • ACE Inhibitors ... receptor-neprilysin inhibitors
Retinoblastoma: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Sporadic mutation -> One allele of RB1 tumor suppressor gene
gene mutated in all ... Retinoblastoma Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... Retinoblastoma #pathophysiology ... #symptoms
Pott's Disease in Tuberculosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology:
 - Typically from TB endemic areas
 -
cases Clinical Signs ... years - May have signs ... /symptoms of active ... decreased reflexes Pathophysiology ... should be done in ALL
Keratoconus: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Genetics
 • Family history of keratoconus
 • Ehlers-Danlos syndrome
 • Down, Turner,
Decr Protease inhibitors ... > Keratoconus Signs ... / Symptoms / Complications ... • Rizutti's Sign ... #Keratoconus #pathophysiology
Leukostasis vs Tumor Lysis Syndrome
Leukostasis:
 • Pathophysiology: Large, immature blasts and high WBC count cause hyperviscosity
Leukostasis: • Pathophysiology ... Dehydration • Symptoms ... have fever - ACS ... WBC >100k, + lab signs ... Lysis Syndrome: • Pathophysiology
Orbital Cellulitis: Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
Definitions:
a. Chemosis: Edema of the bulbar conjunctiva
b. Panopthalmitis: inflammation of all
inflammation of all ... Orbital #Cellulitis #pathophysiology ... ophthalmology #diagnosis #signs ... #symptoms