47 results
Differential diagnosis for toxic/metabolic encephalopathies - Patterns on Brain Imaging

Cynthia Czawlytko, MD @drcyncity

#Differential #diagnosis #encephalopathies #encephalopathy
Differential diagnosis ... - Patterns on Brain ... encephalopathy #Brain ... imaging #patterns #MRI ... pathology #diseases #radiology
Blurry vision in a patient with HIV/AIDS
Anterior Segment:
 • Herpes zoster ophthalmicus
 • Keratitis (HSV, Staph,
a patient with HIV ... Posterior Segment: • HIV ... • Choroidal infections ... vision #HIVAIDS #InfectiousDiseases ... Anterior #Posterior #Differential
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Encephalopathy - Differential ... Neoplasm-related (brain ... complications of HIV ... (syphilis, HIV-associated ... Encephalopathy #Differential
Differential diagnosis of Skin + Eye infections
 • Bacterial: Staph spp, Strep spp, Pseudomonas spp, Bartonella,
Differential diagnosis ... of Skin + Eye infections ... /II, VZV, CMV, HIV ... #dermatology #InfectiousDiseases ... #Infections #Differential
Travel History - Clues to Infectious Disease Diagnosis in a Traveler 
 • Where did you
History - Clues to Infectious ... , Hepatitis C, HIV ... , HIV, Hepatitis ... HPI #Interview #InfectiousDiseases ... #Infections #differential
Transplant Infections Timeline
Pre-transplant:
 • Common bacteria (endogenous): Staphylococci (skin), Gram-negative bacilli (gut)
 • Viruses: HSV (reactivation)
Engraftment:
Transplant Infections ... gut) • Viruses: HSV ... #Transplant #Infections ... #Timeline #differential ... diagnosis #causes #infectiousdiseases
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
early stages of infection ... through the blood-brain ... similar to PML, but MRI ... Diagnosis: MRI ... Findings: • Rule out infectious
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... multiple lesions Infectious ... RingEnhancing #Lesions #Brain ... #differential # ... diagnosis #causes #radiology
Stroke Mimics - Differential Diagnosis - MINT Mnemonic
 • Metabolic: Hyper-glycemia, Hypoglycemia, Wernicke's encephalopathy, Mitochondrial Encephalopathy
Stroke Mimics - Differential ... Hypercarbia • Infectious ... Bell's palsy (HSV ... Todd Paralysis), Brain ... Tumor, Traumatic Brain
Etiologies of dilated cardiomyopathy. HF, heart failure; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; HIV, human
ejection fraction; HIV ... disease - Infection ... cardiomyopathy #differential ... #diagnosis #cardiology