26 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
syndrome—due to GBM ... hematuria. ... RBC casts in urine ... Nephrotic #Syndromes #Classification ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
Hematuria Workup ... glomerular bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... cystoscopy • Refer to Nephrology ... if cause not identified
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
: Red/Dark urine ... basement membrane disease ... - Proteinuria ... of glomerular disease ... #urology #nephrology
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... proliferative • Anti-GBM ... Minimal change disease ... #Nephrology #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Causes
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
the patient has hematuria ... and/or proteinuria ... (RBC casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... blood cells on urine ... disease • ... • Pauci-immune disease ... nephrotic range) proteinuria
Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis of Macroscopic Hematuria
Important Historical Elements:
- Painless: suggests malignancy
- Painful: suggests calculi/infection
- Urinalysis:
RBC’s, RBC/WBC casts ... , proteinuria suggest ... intrinsic renal disease ... prostatic) #Diagnosis #EM ... #IM #Urology #Hematuria
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
of glomerular disease ... (hematuria, proteinuria ... Basement Membrane (GBM ... Glomerulonephritis #RPGN #Classification ... Differential #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... arbitrarily defined as urine ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
Causes Abnormal Urine Color - Differential Diagnosis
Turbid White Urine (Albinuria):
 • Chyluria, Filariasis, Schistosomiasis, Malignancy, Phosphaturia,
Causes Abnormal ... Hyperoxalirua, Heavy Proteinuria ... • Hartnup disease ... : • Hematuria, ... Differential #Diagnosis #nephrology