20 results
Glomerular Diseases - Nephritic and Nephrotic Syndromes

Nephritic syndrome—due to GBM disruption. 
Hypertension. t BUN and creatinine.
Glomerular Diseases ... syndrome—due to GBM ... hematuria. ... diabetes)) #Glomerular ... #Nephrology #Diagnosis
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
and/or proteinuria ... the patient have glomerular ... casts or dysmorphic ... Comparison #Algorithm #Nephrology ... #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Diagnosis Framework ... RBC castsDiagnostic ... Brown urine - Proteinuria ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #nephrology #renal
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Red blood cells on urine microscopy. Must exclude false positives
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... nephrotic range) proteinuria ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Algorithm #Causes
Rapidly Progressive Glomerulonephritis (RPGN) 
 - Loss of kidney function over a short period of tirne
with evidence of glomerular ... disease (hematuria ... , proteinuria) ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Hematuria Workup and Diagnosis Algorithm
 • Confirm hematuria → Urinalysis >3 RBCs/HPF, exclude mimics, repeat testing
and Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Evidence of glomerular ... bleeding (proteinuria ... → Refer to Nephrology ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Causes of Proteinuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... • Drugs Glomerular ... #Nephrology #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Algorithm - Approach to the differential diagnosis of the patient presenting with overt glomerular proteinuria. CMV
Cytomegalovirus; GBM ... Nephrocalcinosis causes ... Hematuria may be ... #glomerular #proteinuria ... nephrotic #syndrome #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... PCR 50% sensitive ... #differential #diagnosis ... #causes #radiology ... #neurology
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Dyspnea, Fever, Hematuria ... sclerosis • Anti-Glomerular ... • Urinalysis (proteinuria ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... #nephrology