23 results
diagnosis differential causes algorithm hyperkalemia management hypokalemia high kidney metabolic pathophysiology alkalosis chloride diuretics low table treatment abg acid acidbase
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Algorithm Extra-renal ... • Metabolic acidosis ... loss (Diarrhea) Renal ... Algorithm #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Drugs that Impair Renal Potassium Excretion Decreased ENaC channel function: Amiloride, Triamterene, Pentamidine Decreased Aldosterone Synthesis: Heparin,
Drugs that Impair Renal ... Potassium Excretion ... Aldosterone Release: ACE ... Pathophysiology #Pharmacology ... #Renal
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis: • Lactic acidosis
oxoproline) • Renal ... Renal acidosis ... Potassium-sparing ... ACE-Is and ARBs ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
• NSAIDs • ACE ... • Recent IV potassium ... Beta blockers • Antibiotics ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #high #nephrology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
Chloride Algorithm Cl ... Kidney loss of Cl ... Cystic fibrosis Cl ... of sodium and potassium ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Defining the cause of hypokalemia starts by measuring urinary K
gastrointestinal K loss • Renal ... hypokalemia • Renal ... tubular acidosis ... algorithm #causes #nephrology ... #potassium
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter Bartter
Epithelial Cells Renal ... syndrome - Na-K-2Cl ... receptor Distal renal ... tubular acidosis ... Defects #Kidney #Nephrology
Lactated Ringers (LR) vs Normal Saline (NS) - Comparison Composition of LR: • Sodium 130 mEq/L •
130 mEq/L • Potassium ... filtration - Renal ... blood flow and renal ... Instability: - Renal ... NS #comparison #pharmacology
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 2.
(AG) = {Na - (Cl ... salicylates) R Renal ... - Diarrhea - Renal ... /Chronic renal failure ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
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