13 results
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome
What?
 • Unilateral orbital/retrobulbar pain
 • Paresis of the cranial nerves Ill, IV, VI
 •
Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome ... cranial nerves Ill, IV ... resolution of the symptoms ... #TolosaHunt #neurology ... #diagnosis
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Visual or auditory symptoms ... conjunction with symptoms ... important, as early diagnosis ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... #neurology #noninflammatory
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... #differential #diagnosis ... opportunistic #InfectiousDiseases ... #Neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... #Algorithm #neurology
Neurological Manifestations of Tuberculosis
Spinal Arachnoiditis & Polyradiculopathy:
 • Subacute onset of limb weakness, bladder/bowel dysfunction, muscle
Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome ... (IRIS): • In HIV ... Worsening of previous neurologic ... #Tuberculosis #diagnosis ... differential #TB #neurology
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
Herpes Viruses (HSV ... - Bickerstaff syndrome ... (bulbar symptoms ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... #Causes #Neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... , HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... spinalcord #disorders #diagnosis ... #neurology #differential
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
impairment • HIV ... • Depressive symptoms ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... dementia #AIDS #Neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
spine L1-L5 Symptoms ... so-called ‘red flag’ symptoms ... Differential Diagnosis ... cord infarct • HIV ... #causes #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... syphilis, and HIV ... Lower motor neuron symptoms ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology