53 results
True Hyponatremia Differential Algorithm

Instead (or in addition) of volume status examination, check urine sodium and serum
True Hyponatremia Differential ... sodium and serum ... sodium low, uric ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Algorithm #Diagnosis #Nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Utilizing Uric Acid 
ADH promotes Urea/uric acid excretion along with water
Hyponatremia Differential ... Osmolarity 2) Urine ... Osmolarity 3) Urine ... Sodium 4) Serum ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
General approach to AKI - Checklist

Urine electrolytes & FENa - Previously, it was believed that urine
- Checklist Urine ... sodium excretion ... fractional excretion of sodium ... FENa) could help differentiate ... AcuteKidneyInjury #Nephrology
Cerebral Salt Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology 
1) Neurological event
2) Sodium loss from tubules
3) Naturiesis →
Wasting vs SIADH - Pathophysiology ... Neurological event 2) Sodium ... → Increased urine ... SaltWasting #SIADH #Pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyponatremia Differential Diagnosis Table

 • Step 1: Correct for hyperglycemia. Corrected Na = [(glucose - 100)/
Hyponatremia Differential ... Serum Osm • Urine ... #Hyponatremia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Table #nephrology ... #sodium
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
uric acid >4 • Urine ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... • Urine Na > 30 ... algorithm #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting, NGT
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #nephrology
Mechanisms of nephron damage in cardiorenal syndrome
 • Increased renal interstitial pressure
 • Hypoperfusion
 • Reduced
in cardiorenal syndrome ... hypertrophy • Sodium ... #cardiorenal #syndrome ... #Mechanisms #pathophysiology ... #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
Hypernatremia - Differential ... Algorithm 1) Check Urine ... , Cushing syndrome ... Workup #Algorithm #nephrology ... #sodium
Primary Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Volume Depleted - 2° hyperaldosteronism
 • Low Urine Cl-: Vomiting,
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential ... hyperaldosteronism • Low Urine ... (late) • High Urine ... Metabolic #Alkalosis #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Nephrology