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The fourth pattern includes abnormalities that result in decreased lung attenuation or air-filled lesions.
These include:
- Emphysema
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- Emphysema - Lung ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... Differential #Diagram #Comparison ... Emphysema #SignetRing #RadiologyAssistant
Mosaic attenuation
The term 'mosaic attenuation' is used to describe density differences between affected and non-affected lung
Mosaic attenuation ... thromboembolic disease #Diagnosis ... #Radiology #Pulmonary ... #CTChest #MosaicAttenuation ... #Differential #RadiologyAssistant
Stage I - Redistribution
In a normal chest film with the patient standing erect, the pulmonary vessels
In these cases comparison ... during a period of CHF ... #Clinical #Radiology ... #CXR #CHF #Cephalization ... Redistribution #RadiologyAssistant
The idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) comprise a heterogenous group of disorders. 
They represent fundamental responses of
responses of the lung ... vascular diseases (e.g ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #Pulmonary #CTChest ... ILD #Findings #RadiologyAssistant
Cavities frequently arise within a mass or an area of consolidation as a result of necrosis.
We
the surrounding lung ... without associated pulmonary ... #Radiology #CTChest ... Cyst #Emphysema #Comparison ... #RadiologyAssistant
It can be difficult to distinguish these three entities.
There are two diagnostic hints for further differentiation:
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There are two diagnostic ... penicillamine) #Clinical #Radiology ... #CTChest #MosaicAttenuation ... #Mosaic #Attenuation ... #Comparison #RadiologyAssistant
Congestive heart failure (CHF) is the result of insufficient output because of cardiac failure, high resistance
heart failure (CHF ... In the lungs LV ... can be seen on a chest-film ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... Findings #Diagram #RadiologyAssistant
Increased pulmonary venous pressure is related to the pulmonary capillary wedge pressure (PCWP) and can be
features on the chest ... chronic obstructive lung ... #Diagnosis #Radiology ... #CHF #CXR #Stages ... Findings #Signs #RadiologyAssistant
Preoperative Risk Evaluation

Major Pre-Op Questions:
1. Does the patient have any modifiable risk factors that could be
disease b) CHF ... indicated • EKG ... Obtain EKG if: ... unless prior heart/lung ... stratification #diagnosis