14 results
Causes of Polycythemia (Erythrocytosis) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative - Normal RBC Mass / Decreased Plasma Volume
Causes of Polycythemia ... Idiopathic JAK-2 Positive ... Abnormal Abdominal Ultrasound ... Cyanosis without Pulmonary ... #Hematology
Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy (AFLP)
Pathophysiology:
 • Defect in fetal free fatty acid metabolism products →
= nonspecific (nausea ... Antithrombin Ill • Ultrasound ... Intrahepatic Cholestasis Management ... #Pregnancy #hepatology ... obgyn #diagnosis #management
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Diagnosis and Management ... lung disease Caused ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary ... perfusion scanning or pulmonary ... #treatment #hepatology
Portal venous gas on hepatic ultrasound: A concerning finding in the critically ill patient that should
gas on hepatic ultrasound ... variety of other causes ... portal #venousgas #ultrasound ... #hepatology #liver ... #pocus #clinical
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
inclusions or positive ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... blindness in AIDS) • Liver ... Pancreatitis • Pulmonary
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
other obvious causes ... - Mechanism: causes ... hemodynamics Liver ... Hypertension #diagnosis #management ... #hepatology
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
Diagnosis and Management ... by liver insufficiency ... rule out other causes ... of neurologic/cognitive ... #treatment #hepatology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute pulmonary ... heart failure, liver ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hepatic Hydrothorax
 • Presents as right sided in 85% of cases
 • Fluid studies:
sided in 85% of cases ... may develop • Management ... TIPS, Liver transplant ... Hydrothorax #diagnosis #hepatology ... #pulmonary
Mycoses

HISTOPLASMOSIS
• Inhalation of conidia → Yeast → travel to lymph nodes → spread in body
• Bird
Mississippi and Ohio River ... by culture or serology ... Diagnosis: • Serology ... infection have positive ... Fungal #Diagnosis #Management