19 results
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
- Differential ... history of cancer, HIV ... • Meningeal signs ... Systemic symptoms and signs ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Photophobia and Headache - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Why?
• The coexistence of photophobia and headache suggests the potential
- Differential ... meningeal irritation signs ... glaucoma - Ocular ... #differential # ... ophthalmology #Neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... clinical context and signs ... , HIV serology, ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
of symptoms or signs ... inclusions or positive ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... Retinitis (Most common cause ... #signs #symptoms
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Causes of Peripheral ... without an obvious cause ... signs or symptoms ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
Herpesviruses (MCC: HSV ... Acute meningeal signs ... • Gram stain: Positive ... 90% • Culture: Positive ... #diagnosis #neurology
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... Demyelinating disease caused ... and <25% culture positive ... CNS #Infections #differential ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
desaturation, Scotoma, Ocular ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... complications (AQP4-positive ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
13 Dangerous Causes of Headache:
 - subarachnoid hemorrhage: family history, PCKD, known berry aneurysm, sudden and
13 Dangerous Causes ... head in dependent position ... thrombophilia, neurologic ... signs/symptoms ... Dangerous #Deadly #Differential
Lung Infections in HIV - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Disease by CD4 Count:
Any CD4 Count:
 • Mycobacterium tuberculosis,
- Differential ... • CT: Halo sign ... cough, myalgias, headache ... factor • May cause ... Burnetii: • Fever, headache