21 results
Causes of Dizziness - Vertigo - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
True Vertigo - Illusion of Rotary Movement
Peripheral Vestibular
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... vomiting, auditory symptoms ... Bone Fracture Central ... symptoms/signs, ... Dizziness #Vertigo #Neurology
Acute Spinal Cord Injuries: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
 • Anterior Cord Syndrome -> Anterior spinal artery
mimics complete • Central ... Cord Syndrome - ... pathophysiology #signs ... #symptoms #msk ... #orthopedics #neurology
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... • Meningeal signs ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... and signs (e.g. ... #neurology #PHANTOMS
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
Clonus, Babinski’s sign ... • Lhermitte’s sign ... pupillary defect SIGNS ... /SYMPTOMS: • CENTRAL ... Signs and symptoms
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes (ISCS)
 • Central - Small Lesion - Suspended sensory deficit, classic cape
Incomplete spinal cord syndromes ... (ISCS) • Central ... sensory ataxia with positive ... Romberg sign, variable ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
1. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) - Short-lived (typically less
Peripheral and Central ... CENTRAL VERTIGO ... (Wallenberg's syndrome ... Syndrome usually ... signs or symptoms
NINDS Diagnostic Criteria for Guillain Barre Syndrome 
Features Required for Guillain-Barré Syndrome:
 • Progressive muscle weakness
, Mild sensory symptoms ... or signs, Cranial ... sensory level • Central ... nervous system signs ... diagnosis #criteria #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Other brainstem syndromes ... complications (AQP4-positive ... erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology ... #symptoms #signs
Characteristics of Peripheral and Central Vertigo
PERIPHERAL VERTIGO
 • Onset: Sudden
 • Intensity: Severe initially, often decreasing
Peripheral and Central ... labyrinthitis) CENTRAL ... diagnosis #findings #signs ... #symptoms #comparison ... #neurology
Clinical Features of Systemic Lupus (SLE)
General: Fever (50%), Depression, Fatigue (75%), Weight loss (50%)
Eye: Sjögrens (15%)
Skin
Systemic Lupus (SLE) General ... Demyelinating syndromes ... haemolytic Coombs positive ... erythematosus #signs ... #symptoms #diagnosis