23 results
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
- Spinal Cord Syndromes ... Infarction - Infection ... syphilis, and HIV ... #differential #diagnosis ... #neurology
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
bouts of HTN Diagnostic ... suggestive of multiple sclerosis ... : - Multiple sclerosis ... simplex virus, HIV ... #management #neurology
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
Differential Diagnosis ... : • Spinal cord ... infarct • HIV ... Imaging studies: • MRI ... #causes #neurology
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
- Differential Diagnosis ... Infections: - ... HIV, CMV, HTLV ... MCTD, Sjogren syndrome ... #neurology #differential
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Chorioretinitis • Diagnosis ... - Compatible syndrome ... + MRI lesions + ... : • Multiple Sclerosis ... causes #radiology #neurology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
important, as early diagnosis ... pachymeningitis • HIV ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential #diagnosis
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
HIV / AIDS - Differential ... Diagnosis Framework ... cells per μL • Diagnosis ... Imaging: - MRI ... #AIDS #opportunistic
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
early stages of infection ... Diagnosis: MRI ... The clinical syndrome ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Approach To Weakness:
 • Non-neuromuscular disorder (Cardiac, pulmonary etc)
 • CNS ->
- Differential Diagnosis ... of the spinal cord ... parainfluenza, Coxsackie, HIV ... EMG) studies • MRI ... #neurology
Multiple Sclerosis - Summary

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system
• Or brainstem syndromes ... resonance imaging [MRI ... Progressive MS (Spinal cord ... • Acute: - IV ... #neurology #treatment