38 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
/ AIDS - Differential ... status, and focal neurologic ... rapidly progressive encephalopathy ... encephalopathy ... differential #diagnosis #AIDS
Causes of Encephalopathy - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hyperacute:
 - Primary Neurologic: Vascular (IS, ICH), Seizure, Migraine, Trauma
Causes of Encephalopathy ... : Hypertensive encephalopathy ... paraneoplastic syndromes ... complications of HIV ... Infectious (syphilis, HIV-associated
Approach to Headaches - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Red flags (PHANTOMS):
 • Pattern change, progressively worse, papilledema
 •
papilledema • Horner syndrome ... history of cancer, HIV ... ) • Systemic symptoms ... • Hypertensive encephalopathy ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #neurology
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS Patients
Cytomegalovirus (CMV): double-stranded DNA virus, herpesvirus family.
CMV infection: virus isolation or detection
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) in HIV-AIDS ... regardless of symptoms ... any patient with HIV ... 50 or less: • Neurologic ... differential #signs #symptoms
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Treatment
Blood pressure control:
 • Aim for 10-25% BP reduction within
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy ... Syndrome (PRES) ... Easily titratable IV ... #Syndrome #Treatment ... #Management #Neurology
Acute Retroviral Syndrome
Acute Retroviral Syndrome is the symptomatic presentation of acute human immunodeficiency virus infection

 •
Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... mononucleosis/flu type of syndrome ... Acute Retroviral Syndrome ... Fever (75%) • Encephalopathy
AIDS-defining illnesses
 - Candidiasis of the esophagus, bronchi, trachea, or lungs [(but NOT the mouth (thrush)]
AIDS-defining illnesses ... of vision) - Encephalopathy ... , HIV related ... brain - Wasting syndrome ... due to HIV #AIDS
Wernicke Encephalopathy - Acute B1 (Thiamine) Deficiency - Diagnosis and Management
Diagnosis - Caine Criteria (2 of
Wernicke Encephalopathy ... worsen Wernicke Encephalopathy ... treatment can improve symptoms ... development of Korsakoff syndrome ... Diagnosis #Management #neurology
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorder (HAND)

Definition:
HIV-Associated Neurocognitive disorders categories:
• Asymptomatic neurocognitive impairment
• Mild neurocognitive impairment
• HIV dementia

Pathophysiology:
HIV frequently
Encephalopathy ... • Depressive symptoms ... The clinical syndrome ... disorder #dementia #AIDS ... #Neurology
PRES (Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome) - Features

#PRES #Posterior #reversible #encephalopathy #syndrome #Presentation #Symptoms #Signs #Diagnosis #Neurology
Posterior reversible encephalopathy ... syndrome) - Features ... #syndrome #Presentation ... #Symptoms #Signs ... #Diagnosis #Neurology