21 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
- Differential Diagnosis ... water loss, Serum Sodium ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... • Burns • ICU ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS)
Symptoms of PICS:
 - Physical Domain: Generalized weakness, Fatigue, Difficulty walking
 - Cognitive
disturbance/loss, Slow ... illness - Prior psychiatric ... guide targeted treatments ... #PICS #diagnosis ... #management #criticalcare
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Primary polydipsia, Low ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #nephrology
Volume Based Approach to Hyponatremia
Hypovolemic, Serum uric acid >4
 • Urine Na <20: Extra-renal losses
 •
Hypothyroidism, Low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #Hyponatremia #algorithm ... #diagnosis #sodium ... #low #nephrology
Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Workup Algorithm

1) Check Urine Osmolality:
 > 600 mOsm/kg - Implies extrarenal mechanism
- Differential Diagnosis ... Workup Algorithm ... • Euvolemic (Low ... , Cushing syndrome ... #nephrology #sodium
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... can be high or low ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
 - MAP <65. SBP <90, drop in SBP > 40
 -
- Differential Diagnosis ... 1.5 High CO / Low ... Abdominal compartment syndrome ... #criticalcare #algorithm ... #treatment #management
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Cirrhosis, Nephrotic Syndrome ... MH/CCF/CWRU EM ... #diagnosis #causes ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... alkalosis • Normal/low ... , Gitelman syndrome ... #nephrology #differential ... #diagnosis
10 Steps to Managing Guillain-Barre Syndrome:
1️⃣ When to suspect
2️⃣ How to Diagnose
3️⃣ When to admit to
to suspect 2️⃣ How ... to Diagnose 3️⃣ ... When to admit to ICU ... 5️⃣ Treatment ... #Management #Neurology