12 results
Metabolic Alkalosis - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm - Urinary Chloride
 • Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm - Urinary ... - Normal/low ... : Chronic diarrhea ... #Algorithm #causes
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
Urinary Chloride Algorithm ... • Normal/low ... of sodium and potassium ... Chloride #urine #Algorithm ... #differential #diagnosis
Acid Base and Blood Gas Analysis
1. pH - What’s the primary disturbance?
2. pCO2 - What’s the
Vomiting D - Diarrhea ... - Contraction alkalosis ... nickmmark #acidbase #workup ... #algorithm #diagnosis ... #acidosis #alkalosis
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Acidosis - RTA ... - Diarrhea pH ... Metabolic alkalosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Extra-renal ... • Metabolic acidosis ... Gl tract loss (Diarrhea ... #potassium #low
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift:
 • Alkalosis
 • ↑ beta-2 adrenergic simulation 
 • Erythropoiesis
- Differential Diagnosis ... Shift: • Alkalosis ... losses (NG suction, diarrhea ... vomiting) • Low ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Poor Intake 
 - Starvation
 - Anorexia
GI Losses 
 - Vomiting / NG
- Differential Diagnosis ... NG drainage - Diarrhea ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Catecholamines - Alkalosis ... #Low #Potassium
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Laxative use • Diarrhea ... - Metabolic Alkalosis ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #low
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Appropriately Low Kidney Phosphate Excretion:
 • Decreased GI Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea, Antacids,
- Differential Diagnosis ... Low Kidney Phosphate ... Absorption: Chronic Diarrhea ... Acute Respiratory Alkalosis ... #phosphorus #workup
Gitelman Syndrome Overview

What?
• Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter
• Gitelman's syndrome
• Normal or low ... Renal tubular acidosis ... Congenital chloride diarrhea ... Supplement: • Potassium ... Gitelman #Syndrome #diagnosis