24 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
HYPOVOLEMIC • extra-renal ... volume loss - diarrhea ... - fevers • renal ... nephrotic syndrome • renal ... #Workup #Algorithm
Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Transcellular Shift
 • Recovery From DKA
 • Refeeding Syndrome
 • Acute Respiratory
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Transcellular ... • Small bowel diarrhea ... Increased Excretion - Renal ... #Algorithm #endocrinology
Differential Diagnosis and Evaluation of Hyponatremia:
1) Identification of onset (acute vs. chronic)
2) Presence of symptoms (HA,
and Evaluation ... onset (acute vs. chronic ... cardiac, liver, renal ... #EM #IM #Nephro ... #Differential #Algorithm
Algorithm for the Evaluation of Chronic Diarrhea (< 7 days)
Exclude:
1. Causes of acute diarrhea
2. Lactose intolerance
3.
Algorithm for the ... Evaluation of Chronic ... 1000 g/24 h) #Chronic ... #algorithm #workup ... #diagnosis #differential
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Algorithm High ... Hormone Intake • Chronic ... Renal Failure ... Production • Renal ... #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
UNa > 20: • Renal ... Bicarbonaturia with renal ... losses, Vomiting, Diarrhea ... : • Acute or chronic ... renal failure
Hypomagnesemia - Etiologies by Mechanism

Decreased GI Uptake 
 - Poor dietary intake (particularly common in alcoholics)
GI losses - Chronic ... diarrhea / IBD ... Renal Loses - ... - Transient renal ... - Familial renal
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
- Differential Diagnosis ... Algorithm Primary ... Diabetic acidosis - Renal ... renal failure ... #Algorithm #endocrinology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... suggests extra-renal ... Laxative use • Diarrhea ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... #Algorithm #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm
Acidosis
 - RTA
 - Diarrhea
pH Normal 
 1. Decreased Mg 
 2. Intracellular Shift
Hypokalemia Differential Algorithm ... Acidosis - RTA - Diarrhea ... Renal artery stenosis ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Workup #Nephrology