56 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... #Diagnosis #nephrology ... #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... 1ml blood/liter urine ... renal vein between aorta ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology
Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA)  Type 1 

Totally scuppers the kidney's acidification mechanism. Will be
Will be much easier ... diagnosis with direct urine ... Failure to acidify urine ... Diagnosis #Management #Nephrology ... #Causes #Differential
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... 145 mmol/L High Urine ... Osmotic diuresis (see ... Hypernatremia #Nephrology
Widened Pulse Pressure - Differential Diagnosis and Pathophysiology

Pulse pressure is the difference between the systolic blood
- Differential ... should always be ... disorders: - Aortic ... regurgitation - Aortic ... #cardiology
Sulfa Crystals on Urine Microscopy
Sulfa Crystal!  Drug-induced crystalluria is a cause of acute renal failure
Sulfa Crystals on Urine ... crystalluria is a cause ... that has not to be ... #crystalluria #clinical ... #nephrology
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
Hyaline - May be ... and concentrated urine ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... #Differential # ... Microscopy #Diagnosis #Nephrology
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
BEE Syndromes - ... neuropathy (LHON) plus MRI ... lesions and clinical ... #Syndromes #neurology ... noninflammatory #differential
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Compatible syndrome + MRI ... nodules, may also see ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertension - Differential ... based on repeat clinic ... : • Aortic coarctation ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Differential #