18 results
Blood Culture-Negative Infective Endocarditis (BCNIE)
Definition: No etiology found after 3 separate blood cultures remain negative for
antimicrobials, clinical ... but important causes ... factors: - Serology ... antiphospholipid syndrome ... Endocarditis #diagnosis #differential
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
osmolarity If cause ... investigations depending on clinical ... cryoglobulins, hepatitis serology ... , HIV serology, ... #causes
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
Hematuria - Differential ... pain hematuria syndrome ... renal vein between aorta ... #Hematuria #Differential ... #urology #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertension - Differential ... based on repeat clinic ... : • Aortic coarctation ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology ... #Differential #
BEE Syndromes - Non-inflammatory Causes

Immune-mediated conditions affecting the Brain, Eye, and Ear

Visual or auditory symptoms in
Non-inflammatory Causes ... Non-inflammatory causes ... MRI lesions and clinical ... #neurology #noninflammatory ... #differential #
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Guillain-Barre syndrome ... heavy metals), Critical ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) - Clinical Manifestations
 • Optic neuritis: Reduced visual acuity, ranging from mild to
Optica (NMO) - Clinical ... Manifestations • Optic ... involvement: Intractable nausea ... Other brainstem syndromes ... Manifestations #diagnosis #neurology
Lesions of the Spinal cord - Spinal Cord Syndromes

Spinal cord lesions can result in permanent neurologic
result in permanent neurologic ... Causes of spinal ... • Extrinsic Causes ... #lesions #differential ... #diagnosis #neurology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
Hypertension - Workup and Differential ... 109 mm Hg) with clinical ... Coarctation of aorta ... Neurologic disorders ... #Differential #
Causes of Syncope - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiac - Arrhythmia:
 • Tachyarrhythmia
 • Bradyarrhythmia
 • Supraventricular Tachycardia
Causes of Syncope ... - Differential ... • Sick-Sinus Syndrome ... Obstruction: • Aortic ... Defecation #Syncope #Neurology