11 results
Marcus Gunn Pupil - Relative Afferent Pupillary Defect (RAPD)
Definition: Afferent loop of the pupillary light reflex
Pupil - Relative Afferent ... pupillary light reflex ... impaired (loss of sensory ... nerve* (main cause ... #Defect #RAPD #neurology
Lower Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Reflexes: 
 • Knee - L2, L3, L4
 • Ankle - S1
Lower Extremity ... and Myotomes Reflexes ... Commonly caused ... #sensory #motor ... #leg #physicalexam
Upper Extremity Dermatomes and Myotomes
Motor Function
Shoulder:
 • Abduction - C5,C6 (axillary)
 • Adduction - C6, C7,
Upper Extremity ... , T1 (median) Reflexes ... #UpperLimb #Extremity ... #sensory #motor ... #arm #physicalexam
Cauda Equina Syndrome Overview

Cauda Equina Syndrome:
 • Prevalence: 1:33,000-100,000 ppl/yr
 • Incidence: 1.5-3.4 million ppl/yr
 •
and/or genital sensory ... - Emergency Causes ... weakness and sensory ... #diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Leg Pain - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Bone/Joint Causes of Leg Pain:
 • Fracture
 • Arthritis
 • Gout/pseudogout
Leg Pain - Differential ... Limb ischemia • Aortic ... cyanosis - Cool extremity ... refill - Poor pulses ... #msk #physicalexam
Spinal Cord Disorders - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Spinal cord neurological lesion:
Clinical findings:
 • Symptoms and signs below
Cord Disorders - Differential ... Non-compressive Spinal Cord Causes ... dysfunction • Abnormal reflexes ... , lower extremity ... #differential
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... brainstem Motor/Sensory ... Casey Albin MD @ ... caseyalbin #PhysicalExam ... #neurology #comatose
Transverse Myelitis Overview

Focal inflammatory disorder of the spinal cord resulting in rapid onset of weakness, sensory
Spasticity - Reflexes ... • Infectious causes ... for brain and/or optic ... diagnosis #management #neurology ... #differential
Upper Motor Neuron (UMN) lesions are lesions occurring anywhere in the CNS from the brain up
medulla, and the cortico-spinal ... form part of the differential ... hyporeflexia without sensory ... very different ... positive Babinski reflex
Vasculitis and Vasculitides - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
 • Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
 •
Vasculitides - Differential ... tract, and often causes ... vasculitis • Sensory ... diminished, or tender pulses ... extremities, upper extremity