26 results
Causes of acute kidney injury (AKI). AKI is classified into pre-renal, renal, and post-renal causes. Renal
kidney injury (AKI ... Renal causes of ... Glomerular basement membrane ... #Diagnosis #AKI ... #Sites #Nephrology
Isocoria - Pupillary Defects - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Relative Afferent Pupil Defect
 • Optic Neuritis
 • Ischemic
Isocoria - Pupillary ... Nerve Tumor • Retinal ... detachment • ... #Algorithm #Causes ... #Ophthalmology
Causes of Hematuria - Glomerular vs Non-glomerular

== Glomerular ==
- Glomerulonephritis 
- Thin basement membrane disease 

==
Causes of Hematuria ... Thin basement membrane ... Pyelonephritis - Renal ... mass - Papillary ... Glomerular #Algorithm #Diagnosis
Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Gross Hematuria: Red/Dark urine
 • 1ml blood/liter urine can induce color change
urine • 1ml blood ... Thin basement membrane ... embolism • AVM • Papillary ... #nephrology #renal ... #urine #blood
Causes of Hematuria - Differential Diagnosis
Renal:
 - Glomerular - IgA Nephropathy, Thin basement membrane, Alport syndrome,
Causes of Hematuria ... - Differential Diagnosis ... Renal: - Glomerular ... Thin basement membrane ... Medullary sponge kidney
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... Kidney Injury ( ... • Sepsis • Blood ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... Investigations: full blood ... osmolarity If cause ... #nephrology #causes
Urinary Casts and Disease Associations
Hyaline - May be nonspecific; seen in normal individuals or during severe
broad - Advanced kidney ... disease Red blood ... edgarvlermamd - Nephrology ... Differential #Microscopy #Diagnosis ... #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... phlebotomy High ... with intact cell membrane ... #causes #potassium ... #high #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
differentiating kidney ... suggests extra-renal ... urinary losses: • High ... #Hypokalemia #diagnosis ... differential #potassium #nephrology