28 results
Hypernatremia Diagnosis and Workup

Step 1 . Repeat the sodium concentration.
Step 2.  Check plasma osmolality.
NORMAL PLASMA
Hypernatremia Diagnosis ... hypothyroidism • adrenal ... • nephrotic syndrome ... #Hypernatremia ... Diagnosis #Workup #Algorithm
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Tea and Toast Syndrome ... Hypothyroidism, adrenal ... failure, nephrotic syndrome
Hirsutism - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
RAPID ONSET
Medications
 • Steroids
 • Danazol
 • Progestin Containing Contraceptives
Increased Serum Testosterone
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... RAPID ONSET Medications ... Serum DHEAS • Adrenal ... -OH Congenital Adrenal ... #endocrinology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Syndrome of Inappropriate ADH - Euvolemic; no physiologic stimulus to
Causes of Hyponatremia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Syndrome of Inappropriate ... • Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypothyroidism • Adrenal
Adrenal Insufficiency Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical suspicion: Weakness, fatigue, nausea, musculoskeletal pain, dizziness, volume depletion, abdominal pain,
Adrenal Insufficiency ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... , hypotension, hyponatremia ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #endocrinology
Modified Hyponatremia Algorithm
Hypertonic Hyponatremia: Hyperglycemia, Mannitol, Urologic irrigants
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • ADH ON (UOsm > 100):
Modified Hyponatremia ... Algorithm Hypertonic ... Cirrhosis, Nephrotic syndrome ... Hypothyroidism, Adrenal ... #Algorithm #diagnosis
Hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome) - Simplified Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Exogenous (ACTH-independent)
Endogenous
 • ACTH-dependent:
    - ACTH-secreting
Hypercortisolism (Cushing syndrome ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... ACTH-independent: - Adrenal ... hyperplasia - Adrenal ... #endocrinology
Hirsutism & Virilization - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADRENAL EXCESS
Ovarian
 • Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome
 • Hyperthecosis
 • Tumor
Adrenal
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... ADRENAL EXCESS ... • Congenital Adrenal ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #endocrinology
Adrenal Insufficiency Diagnosis Algorithm
Clinical features: 
 - Weight loss, anorexia, Weakness, fatigue, GI distress
 - Hypotension,
Diagnosis Algorithm ... hypoglycemia, Hyponatremia ... findings (see algorithm ... Insufficiency #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... Stimulation #StimTest #Endocrinology