133 results
Overall Approach to Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Blood Loss
 • Acute Bleed - Normocytic / Normochromic
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... on Smear • Chronic ... Spherocytes on Smear ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology
Plasmodium Falciparum Blood Smear.
Key features suggesting Plasmodium falciparum:
- extreme parasitemia
- normocytic RBCs (vivax, ovale prefer big
Falciparum Blood Smear ... parasitemia - normocytic RBCs ... multiples per RBC ... P. falciparum causes ... human malaria cases
Plasmodium - Identification Algorithm
 • P. falciparum: RINGS AND GAMETOCYTES PREDOMINATE, Small delicate rings, <1/3 size
Identification Algorithm ... rings, <1/3 size RBC ... Multiple rings/RBC ... Identification #Algorithm ... #pathology #smear
Causes of Anemia with Normal Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased WBCs
 - Decreased/NormaI
Causes of Anemia ... Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Spherocytes, RBC ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm ... #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemias - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm

Signs of anemia and hemolysis:
 • ↓ Haptoglobin
 • ↑ LDH
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Abnormal peripheral smear ... • Extrinsic RBC ... • Intrinsic RBC ... Differential #Diagnosis #Algorithm
Causes of Anemia with elevated Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV) - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Normal Blood Smear
 •
Causes of Anemia ... Normal Blood Smear ... Neutrophils - Low RBC ... Pernicious Anemia RBCs ... #Causes #Hematology
Warm Antibody Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia 
1) DIAGNOSE AIHA
 • Anemia: macrocytic > normocytic, ↑ reticulocytes
 •
↑ LDH • Anti-RBC ... C3d • Blood smear ... 2) LOOK FOR a cause ... diagnosis #management #treatment
Causes of Thrombocytopenia and Platelet Disorders - Differential Diagnosis and Workup
History:
 - Prior platelet count, family
Causes of Thrombocytopenia ... decreased PLT count: CBC ... peripheral blood smear ... disease), HBsAg/anti-HBc ... dysplasia on the smear
Nephritic vs Nephrotic Syndrome

Step 1: If the patient has hematuria and/or proteinuria, think about nephrotic/nephritic syndromes.
Step
glomerular hematuria (RBC ... casts or dysmorphic ... RBCs in urine)? ... Syndrome #Comparison #Algorithm
Beautiful acanthocytes/spur cells in a patient with McLeod Syndrome. X-linked disorder characterized by reduced expression of
expression of Kell RBC ... McLeod #Syndrome #Smear ... #Pathology #Microscopy