14 results
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis
Inadequate water intake:
 • Lack of access to water
Extrarenal hypotonic fluid
Causes of Hypernatremia ... - Differential ... #Differential # ... #nephrology #sodium ... #high
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
high or low Uosm ... Uosm <100): Renal Losses ... solute intake (Beer ... differential #diagnosis ... table #sodium #nephrology
Causes of Hypernatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypernatremia - Excess free water loss, Serum Sodium >145 mmol/L
High
Causes of Hypernatremia ... Sodium >145 mmol/L High ... 300 mmol/kg • Hypertonic ... mannitol, glucosuria Low ... #Nephrology #Differential
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ADH Independent:
 • Tea and Toast Syndrome, Beer Potomania - Low solute
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Toast Syndrome, Beer ... Potomania - Low ... Treat with a high ... #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Algorithm
Isotonic Hyponatremia: Hyperlipidemia, Hyperproteinemia, Recent TURP
Hypotonic Hyponatremia: 
 • Hypovolemia: Diuretics/Nephropathies, Vomiting, Diarrhea,
Hyponatremia - Differential ... , Recent TURP Hypotonic ... Euvolemia: SIADH, Beer ... #nephrology #sodium ... #low
Hyponatremia - Diagnosis and Treatment
Hyponatremia is usually caused by the inability to excrete water normally.
vast majority of cases ... approach to the differential ... 1) Is it hypotonic ... #Differential # ... Treatment #management #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
: • High Blood ... consumption • Low ... diagnosis #Algorithm #differential ... #potassium #nephrology ... #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
alkalosis • Normal/low ... concentration can be ... the indicated causes ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
The Neurological Evaluation of a Comatose Patient

Definition:
 • Coma: a state of unresponsiveness; the absence of
consciousness Differential ... Anisocoria + Coma → high ... asymmetry and hypotonia ... Nail bed pressure ... #PhysicalExam #neurology
Hodgkin's Lymphoma Overview

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is an uncommon hematological malignancy arising from mature B cells. It
) Classification ... Blood Count - Low ... platelets - WBC may be ... high or low • ... Immunohistochemical studies (to differentiate