11 results
CNS Infection in HIV / AIDS - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Principles of HIV-Associated CNS Opportunistic Infections:
 •
: • Most CNS opportunistic ... • CNS opportunistic ... Demyelinating disease ... and <25% culture positive ... InfectiousDiseases #Neurology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
Toxoplasmosis (CD4 ... lymphoproliferative disease ... Lymphoma (CD4 < ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... causes #radiology #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... : • CKD • Poorly ... • Addison’s disease ... #differential # ... #high #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... : • CKD • Poorly ... • Addison’s disease ... #differential # ... #high #nephrology
Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemic - Give volume
Hypervolemic (Edematous) - Look for and treat underlying cause
Hyponatremia - Differential ... Nausea, Pulmonary Diseases ... , CNS Disease, Meds ... always exclude: CKD ... Algorithm #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Management Summary

Causes of Rhabdomyolysis:
 • Trauma:
	- Immobilization
	- Crush injury
	- Compartment
Rhabdomyolysis - Differential ... Myoglobinuria: UA positive ... of underlying disease ... Monitor potassium ... causes #treatment #nephrology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
- Differential ... Hyperoxaluria • Hypercalcemia ... Hyperphosphatemia #CKD ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
Hypokalemia ... progressive kidney disease ... Potassium-sparing ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... diagnosis #causes #nephrology
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertension - Differential ... Renal Parenchymal Diseases ... syndrome • AKI/CKD ... Hyperthyroidism • Hypercalcemia ... HTN #Secondary #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... VBG (acidosis), CK ... Bicarb<22) - avoid NS ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K