2346 results
Drug-Induced Urinary Retention

Drug-induced urinary retention is very common and can be caused by many classes of
type-3 muscarinic receptor ... both α1 and β3 receptors ... Nicotinic (N) receptors ... • Alpha & Beta Receptor ... Drug #Induced #differential
Drugs associated with hypokalemia and hypomagnesemia

Hypokalemia
- Shift from extracellular fluid to intracellular fluid compartment
  -
compartment - b2-receptor ... - Anti-EGF receptors ... #Medications #differential
Drugs causing hyperkalemia
 • Impaired release of renin: NSAIDs, Beta blockers, Cyclosporine, tacrolimus, Diabetes, Elderly
 •
• Angiotensin receptor ... • Aldosterone Receptor ... medications #causes #differential
Hyperthermic Toxidromes
Five toxidromes may present with overlapping features: hyperthermia, rhabdomyolysis, altered mental status/seizures.
 • Sympathomimetic -
of adrenergic receptors ... muscarinic Ach receptors ... mutations in ryanodine receptor ... table #diagnosis #differential
Hypocalcemia Laboratory Evaluation

Serum levels of PTH, phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate between
dihydroxyvitamin D can help differentiate ... Calcium-sensing receptor ... Endocrinology #Differential
Inherited Defects in Kidney Tubule Epithelial Cells

Renal glucosuria - Na+-dependent glucose cotransporter
Cystinuria - Amino acid transporter
Bartter
mineralocorticoid receptor ... Vasopressin-2 (V2) receptor ... vasopressin-2 (V2) receptor ... Nephrology #Diagnosis #Differential
Hyperthyroidism - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High/Normal Radioiodine Uptake
 - Autoimmune Thyroid Disease:
    • Grave's
Hyperthyroidism - Differential ... Positive anti-TSH Receptor ... #HighThyroid #Differential
Medications associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome

First-generation and second-generation antipsychotics are dopamine receptor antagonists, which produce a
antipsychotics are dopamine receptor ... #Diagnosis #Differential
Causes of HyperKalemia - Differential Diagnosis
Increased extracellular K+:
 • Tissue injury
 • Hemolysis
 • Rhabdomyolysis
 •
HyperKalemia - Differential ... Hypertonicity • ß2-receptor ... #HyperKalemia #Differential
Etiologies of Hypoaldosteronism

Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Low Renin, Low Aldosterone)
 - Diabetic Nephropathy 
 - NSAIDs
Non-Hyporeninemic Hypoaldosteronism (Normal
- Aldosterone receptor ... Hypoaldosteronism #Differential