3971 results
Causes of Iron Deficiency
 • Inadequate Intake: Vegetarian/vegan diet, Malnutrition
 • Increased Body Needs: Infants/preschoolers, Pregnancy,
Causes of Iron Deficiency ... Pregnancy, EPO treatment ... Coagulopathy, Steroids • Reduced ... differential #diagnosis #causes
TOPCAT - Spironolactone for Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction

N Engl J Med 2014; 370:1383-1392 https://www.nejm.org/doi/10.1056/NEJMoa1313731

CONCLUSIONS:
ejection fraction, treatment ... significantly reduce ... cardiovascular causes
Iron Deficiency in Heart Failure
Pathophysiology:
Chronic heart failure leads to an increase in inflammatory cytokines → Inflammation
→ Inflammation causes ... functional ID) Treatment ... analyses showed reduced ... endpoint of all-cause
Causes of Lactate Elevation, Lactic Acidosis - Differential Diagnosis

The most common causes of hyperlactatemia are usually:
perfusion - shock->treatments ... before beginning treatment ... Availability: - Reduced ... Fournier’s • Reduced ... Liver Injury: • Reduced
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) Overview

Increased Clotting and Consumption of Clotting Factors

Findings:
 • Bleeding
 • Recent history
thrombin time • Reduced ... , V and II • Reduced ... + Bleeding Treatment ... Treat primary cause ... #treatment #management
Hepatic Encephalopathy - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Definition:
 • Alteration in brain function manifested by neuropsychiatric symptoms
neuropsychiatric symptoms • Caused ... rule out other causes ... noxious stimuli) TREATMENT ... Initiate empiric treatment ... antibiotic, thought to reduce
Portopulmonary Hypertension
Presence of pulmonary arterial hypertension in a patient with portal hypertension
No other obvious causes (chronic
other obvious causes ... pressure < 15mmHg TREATMENT ... oxide through reduced ... - Mechanism: causes ... vasodilation and reduced
Aortic Dissection Pearls
Aortic dissection is caused by a tear in the tunica intima, the innermost layer
dissection is caused ... deficit • Shock Treatment ... ED goal is to reduce
Myasthenia Gravis - Summary
 • an autoimmune disease of the postsynaptic neuromuscular junction associated with antibodies
More likely to cause ... Treatment: • Symptomatic ... treatment Of ocular ... glucocorticoids - can cause ... clinical outcome and reduces
Hyperthyroidism Overview

Clinical Manifestation of Hyperthyroidism:
 • Fatigue
 • Weight loss
 • Heat intolerance
 • Depression, nervousness
↑ AST/ALT • Treatment ... Glucocorticoids: Reduce ... tenderness Treatment ... hyperthyroidism #causes