32 results
Primary vs Secondary Adrenal Insufficiency - Pathophysiology
Primary AI = adrenal glands themselves are the problem. This
Insufficiency - Pathophysiology ... Primary AI = adrenal ... Secondary AI = the ... Insufficiency #Pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Diagnosis Adrenal Insufficiency - Algorithm

Step 1) Screening Test: 6-8AM Cortisol Level
 - Early morning cortisol levels
specificity for AI ... > 15 excludes AI ... have diagnosed AI ... Step 3) Differentiate ... #Stimulation #Endocrinology
Pathophysiology of Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Syndrome (HHS)
Absolute Insulin deficit:
 - Type I DM:
Pathophysiology ... - inadequate production ... #dka #hhs #pathophysiology ... #comparison #endocrinology
Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
ACTH-Dependent (Secondary):
 • Pituitary Dysfunction
 • Hypothalamic Dysfunction
ACTH-Independent (Primary):
Insufficiency - Differential ... Insufficiency #AI ... #Differential # ... Algorithm #Causes #endocrinology
Causes of hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis
 • Increased losses: enhanced urinary phosphate excretion
 • Decreased input:
hypophosphatemia - Differential ... Enhanced endogenous production ... hypophosphatemia #Causes #Differential ... #Diagnosis #endocrinology
Infectious Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency
Anatomical distribution of vessels to the adrenal makes the gland prone to
Local production ... Insufficiency #AI ... #differential # ... diagnosis #endocrinology
Breast Discharge - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
High Prolactin + Normal TSH
 • Microprolactinoma
 • Steroid Hormone Intake
Breast Discharge - Differential ... Lesion Autonomous Production ... Breast #Discharge #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #Endocrinology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Increased Loss 
 - Increased GI Loss
 - Increased Urinary
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Increased Cell Production ... #Hypokalemia #Differential ... potassium #low #pathophysiology
Primary Hyperthyroidism - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Note: Although rare, gestational diseases can lead to thyrotoxicosis due
to excess TSH production ... Hyperthyroidism #endocrinology ... #pathophysiology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Hyperuricemia - Differential ... Primary - Over-production ... Secondary - Over-production ... Hyperuricemia #Differential ... Diagnosis #Algorithm #endocrinology