13 results
Causes of Cough and Hemoptysis
Acute Inflammation 
 - Laryngitis 
 - Tracheobronchitis 
 - Mycoplasma and
Tuberculosis - Lung ... Gastroesophageal Reflux ... Cancer of the Lung ... #Hemoptysis #Differential ... #Causes #Table
Reflex Testing - Causes of Hyporeflexia and Hyperreflexia
Focal Hyporeflexia: 
 • Radiculopathy, Mononeuropathy, Polyneuropathy, Acute stroke,
Reflex Testing - ... Causes of Hyporeflexia ... #differential # ... diagnosis #table ... #neurology
Causes of Chronic Kidney Disease - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Decreased kidney function (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2)
Causes of Chronic ... Kidney Disease - Differential ... hydronephrosis on U/S) • Reflux ... KidneyDisease #Nephrology ... #Differential #
Causes of Neuromuscular Weakness
 • Spinal Cord: Demyelinating Disease (MS), Epidural abscess, Infarction, Syringomyelia, Tetanus, Transverse
Causes of Neuromuscular ... Mononeuritis multiplex, Phrenic ... aminoglycosides) • Muscles: Acid ... #differential # ... diagnosis #neurology
Chest Pain - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Cardiovascular Causes:
 - Outflow Obstruction
     • Aortic
Chest Pain - Differential ... Infarction • Stable ... Gastro-Esophageal Reflux ... • Trauma - Neurologic ... #Differential #
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... Acute or chronic ... or restrictive lung ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology ... ABG #bloodgas #Acid
Causes of High-anion Gap and Non-anion Gap Metabolic Acidosis
Causes of High-anion Gap Acidosis:
 • Lactic acidosis
, Pyroglutamic acid ... Chronic progressive ... Acid loads (ammonium ... Metabolic #Acidosis #differential ... #nephrology
CNS Ring-Enhancing Lesions - Immunocompromised vs Immunocompetent
Multiple Ring-Enhancing Lesions:
 • Toxoplasmosis (CD4 < 100)
 • Other
lesions • 80% with lung ... Lesions #Brain #differential ... #diagnosis #causes ... #radiology #neurology
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... and potassium acid ... urine #Algorithm #nephrology ... #differential #
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Bumetanide, Ethacrynic acid ... liver cirrhosis, chronic ... Kidney stones caused ... Excretion #Diuresis #Nephrology ... #Medications #Table