28 results
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS) 

HPS-differential diagnosis:
1. Pulmonary vasculature
2. Diseases of the lung parenchyma
3. Pleura and diaphragm

HPS-diagnosis:
1. Patients
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome (HPS) ... Pulmonary vasculature ... Diseases of the ... #Syndrome #HPS
Complications of Portal Hypertension
 • Hepatic Encephalopathy
 • Pulmonary: Hepatopulmonary syndrome, Portopulmonary hypertension, Hepatic hydrothorax
 •
Encephalopathy • Pulmonary ... : Hepatopulmonary ... syndrome, Portopulmonary ... Pancytopenia • Renal ... : Hepatorenal syndrome
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Pulmonary Renal ... Syndrome Definition ... Presentation (Pulmonary ... Renal Syndromes ... #Renal #Syndrome
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes and Mimics - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis
90%:
 -
Pulmonary Renal ... Levels: Scleroderma Renal ... , mitral valve disease ... Kumfer @AnnKumfer #Pulmonary ... #Renal #Syndromes
Approach to the A-a Gradient
A-a gradient = PAO2 - PaO2
A-a gradient = [FiO2 x (Patm -
Hypoventilation Syndrome ... AVMs, Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome - ... Obstructive Lung Disease ... , Interstitial Disease
Pulmonary Renal Syndromes - OnePager Summary
Autoimmune ANCA vasculitis (AAV): GPA (granulomatous with polyangiitis), EGPA (eosinophilic granulomatosis
Pulmonary Renal ... Renal Syndromes ... life-threatening diseases ... Inflammatory eye disease ... #Renal #Syndromes
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) - Diagnosis
Clinical Features:
 • Altered mental status (Either lethargy, confusion, or
Encephalopathy Syndrome ... constant, global, and refractory ... inhibitors • Renal ... • Autoimmune disease ... Encephalopathy #Syndrome
Hepatopulmonary Syndrome - Diagnosis and Management Summary
A defect in arterial oxygenation due to a gas exchange
Hepatopulmonary ... Syndrome - Diagnosis ... cirrhosis • Intra-pulmonary ... perfusion scanning or pulmonary ... #syndrome #diagnosis
Hypoxemic Respiratory Failure - Differential Diagnosis Framework
DECREASED INSPIRED OXYGEN
 • Low PATM Can decrease first part
obesity-hypoventilation syndrome ... Interstitial lung diseases ... , pulmonary edema ... AVMs, hepatopulmonary ... syndrome), intracardiac
Secondary Causes of Hypertension - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypertension - BP > 140/90 (>130/80 for DM)
Hypertensive urgency
Hypertensive urgency • Refractory ... multi-drug resistance) Renal ... Parenchymal Diseases ... • Nephritic syndrome ... Excess: • Conn's syndrome