14 results
Renal Tubular Acidosis (RTA) 
Type 1 - Failure of secretion
Type 2 - Bicarbonate wasting
Type 4 -
Renal Tubular Acidosis ... RTA) Type 1 - Failure ... with proximal features ... salt diet #Renal ... Acidosis #RTA #types #classification
Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

General 
 - Malaise 
 - Clubbing 

Cardiac 
 - Murmurs
Clinical Features ... Murmurs - Cardiac failure ... Mycotic aneurysm Renal ... Endocarditis #Symptoms #Signs ... #Features #PhysicalExam
Bedside Classification of Shock

Hypovolemic shock 

- Vomiting, diarrhea, overdiuresis 

- Hemorrhage (GI, peritoneal, RP) 

Distributive shock
Bedside Classification ... Septic shock - Adrenal ... Pancreatitis RV failure ... Table #Diagnosis #Features ... #Signs
Varicocele: Pathogenesis and clinical findings
Primary:
 - Anatomically: the left spermatic vein drains into the left renal
into the left renal ... Effect: The left renal ... blood in left renal ... Secondary: - Renal ... #Signs #Symptoms
Polyarteritis Nodosa (PAN): Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings

Medical Comorbidities Malignancies (most commonly hairy-cell leukemia)
Immunogenetic Predisposition: patient is
Hypertension - Renal ... ischemia - Heart failure ... PolyarteritisNodosa #Pathophysiology ... #Diagnosis #Signs
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
papilledema, heart failure ... eg, presence of renal ... • Vascular: Renal ... Vasculitis • Endocrinologic ... Renal parenchymal
Low Alkaline Phosphatase - Hypophosphatasia 

Is Low Alkaline Phosphatase Of Clinical Importance?

ALP enzyme- Discovered in 1923
Low
• recurrent fractures ... collection with EDTA Pathophysiology ... - respiratory failure ... neuropathy • Renal ... : - Renal failure
Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) - Pathogenesis and Clinical Findings
 • Note: in DKA, body K+ is lost
patient has good renal ... Signs/Symptoms/Complications ... DiabeticKetoacidosis #DKA #pathophysiology ... #endocrinology
Sarcoidosis - Diagnosis and Management Summary
Epidemiology
1) High incidence in Scandinavian countries (11-24 cases per 100,000 individuals
survival is 93-95% Pathophysiology ... , and possibly renal ... failure Clinical ... Features: • Many ... Diagnosis #Management #Signs
Paget’s Disease: Complications
Abnormal Osteoclasts cause excessive bone turnover -> Incr bone resorption, Incr (abnormal) bone formation

MSK
Renal • Incr ... resorption, Incr renal ... Congestive Heart Failure ... PagetsDisease #pathophysiology ... #diagnosis #signs