15 results
Spectrum of Glomerular Diseases
Nephrotic - Mechanism:
 • Injury to podocytes
 • Changed architecture: Scanning. Deposition of
• Breaks in GBM ... Glomerular #Diseases #differential ... #spectrum #diagnosis ... #nephrology #nephritic ... #nephrotic #comparison
Causes of Proteinuria - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Persistent Proteinuria >150mg/d protein present on repeat testing including overnight
Proteinuria - Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... Glomerular Proteinuria (Positive ... proliferative • Anti-GBM ... #Proteinuria #Nephrology
Generalized Weakness - Differential Diagnosis Framework
"l feel weak":
 • Infectious: Influenza, EBV, PNA, Bacteremia, Sepsis
 •
Diagnosis Framework ... Infectious: Influenza, EBV ... Rhabdomyolysis, Critical ... #Diagnosis #causes ... #neurology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Algorithm and Differential ... Diagnosis Baseline ... investigations depending on clinical ... ANCA, ANA, Anti-GBM ... #Diagnosis #nephrology
Creatine Kinase - Causes of Elevated CK Levels
Acute CK Elevation (Pain > Weakness):
 • RHABDOMYOLYSIS
(COVID19, CMV/EBV ... immobility • Critical ... Illness Myopathy (ICU ... #Elevated #CK #differential ... #diagnosis #rhabdomyolysis
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
symptomatology Differential ... Diagnosis for Pulmonary ... : - ANCA-positive ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Rhombencephalitis
BACTERIAL
- Listeria (biphasic illness with bulbar dysfunction occurring later)
- Mycobacterium tuberculosis
- Pneumococcus
- Brucella
- Borrelia (Lyme Disease)
-
Viruses (HSV, EBV ... Miller-Fisher GBS; Positive ... Rhombencephalitis #Differential ... #Diagnosis #Causes ... #Neurology
Ocular Myasthenia Gravis on Physical Exam

A 41yo female was referred by her neurologist for double vision.
Her clinical exam ... non-localized EOM ... cogan sign and the ice ... #PhysicalExam #clinical ... ophthalmology #neurology
Fungal Biomarkers: Beta-D-Glucan and Aspergillus Galactomannan
Beta-D-Glucan:
 • Polysaccharide cell wall component of many fungi
 • Pathogens:
cut-offs defined in clinical ... BAL GM does not differentiate ... - Frozen ice-pops ... Galactomannan #diagnosis ... #comparison
CNS Infections - Viral Encephalitis and Bacterial Meningitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

Viral Encephalitis:
MCC: Enteroviruses (e.g., coxsackievirus
virus • CMV • EBV ... • Common clinical ... • Gram stain: Positive ... 90% • Culture: Positive ... #diagnosis #neurology