7 results
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
and Differential Diagnosis ... ANCA, ANA, Anti-GBM ... Anti-ds-DNA, C3/C4 ... Rhabdo-myolysis: CK ... , CK-MB, NT-proBNP
Pulmonary Renal Syndrome

Definition: Diffuse alveolar hemorrhage + Glomerulonephritis
Presentation (Pulmonary and renal manifestations can occur weeks apart):
Differential Diagnosis ... : - ANCA-positive ... anti-ANCA ab, anti-GBM ... ab, ANA, C3, C4 ... #diagnosis #nephrology
Idiopathic CD4 Lymphopenia (ICL) / Lymphocytopenia 

DIAGNOSTIC CRITERIA FOR ICL
 • Persistent CD4 T-cell lymphopenia
 •
DIAGNOSTIC ... CRITERIA FOR ICL ... chemotherapy) • Genetic syndromes ... EBV. CMV. ... #diagnosis #hematology
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH)
Pathophysiology: Triggering factor (infection,...)→Activation of CD8 T cells (IFN-y) → Excessive activation of macrophages
→Activation of CD8 ... Infections+++: Virus (EBV ... • Autoimmune diseases ... biologics (CMV +++, EBV ... of emergency, ICU
Cold Agglutinin Disease

3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies:
  1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD)
  2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... dehydrogenase • Positive ... hemolysis • C3↓ C4 ... - Mycoplasma, EBV ... hemolytic #anemia #hematology
Vasculitis - Differential Diagnosis Framework

When to Consider Vasculitis:
• Purpura, ischemic skin lesions
• Mononeuritis multiplex
• Hematuria, proteinuria,
- Differential Diagnosis ... pulmonary and renal ... affects the skin, neurologic ... pain and GN Anti-GBM ... #Rheumatology
Hepatorenal Syndrome (HRS)

Definition:
• Functional, potentially reversible kidney impairment.
• Occurs in advanced liver disease: cirrhosis, severe alcoholic
Hepatorenal Syndrome ... advanced liver disease ... Norepinephrine (ICU ... #Hepatorenal #Syndrome ... #Hepatology #Nephrology