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diagnosis differential causes management potassium diuretics high hypokalemia hyponatremia renal table acute chronic cns criticalcare crrt encephalopathy hiv hypotonic infections
Treatment of hyperkalemia via kaliuresis step 1 = volume resuscitation if hypovolemic step 2 = consider fludrocortisone step
Treatment of hyperkalemia ... #hyperkalemia ... #criticalcare #treatment ... #diuretics #diuresis ... #nephrology #algorithm
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
Differential Diagnosis Algorithm ... Renal losses, Diuretic ... Ketonuria, Osmotic diuresis ... Hypervolemia, ... #Causes #nephrology
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide) • Glaucoma • Epilepsy • Altitude
Regulating Renal Excretion ... Hyponatremia • Hypercalcemia ... Tolvaptan) • Treatment ... #Renal #Excretion ... #Diuresis #Nephrology
Hyperkalemia Treatment Options Stabilize cardiac membrane: • IV Calcium (peaks 5-10 minutes) Decrease potassium concentration: • IV Fluids Shift
Hyperkalemia Treatment ... bicarbonate Potassium excretion ... function) - Loop diuretic ... LouLectures #Hyperkalemia ... management #potassium #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia Transcellular Shifts: - Alkalosis, Increased plasma insulin (treatment of diabetic ketoacidosis), ß-Adrenergic agonists, Hypokalemic
Causes of Hypokalemia ... plasma insulin (treatment ... including laxative, enema ... or induced) #Hypokalemia ... differential #diagnosis #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
• ↓ Renal K+ Excretion ... suggests ↓ renal excretion ... Redistribution Treatments ... caution in HTN & edema ... #potassium #nephrology
Algorithm for Management of Acute and Chronic Hyperkalemia Acute Hyperkalemia: - IV calcium (10 mL of 10%)
Algorithm for Management ... optimal dose after serum ... #Algorithm #Management ... Acute #Chronic #treatment ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... • K sparing diuretics ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... potassium #high #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
normal volume-based algorithm ... Urine Na+K / serum ... (AKI, Post-AKI diuresis ... : Hypovolemia, Hypervolemia ... table #sodium #nephrology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework PseudoHyperkalemia: • Lab error • Traumatic venipuncture • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis •
Hyperkalemia - Differential ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... • K sparing diuretics ... Impaired Renal Excretion ... potassium #high #nephrology
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