19 results
Diuretics and Agents Regulating Renal Excretion

Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors (Acetazolamide, Dichlorphenamide)
 • Glaucoma
 • Epilepsy
 • Altitude
Excretion Carbonic ... • Diagnosis of ... irrigation • Management ... Torsemide) • Acute ... #Nephrology #Pharmacology
Causes of Hyponatremia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Hypovolemia, UNa > 20: 
 • Renal losses, Diuretic excess,
- Differential Diagnosis ... antidiuretic hormone secretion ... UNa > 20: • Acute ... #Differential #Diagnosis ... Algorithm #Causes #nephrology
Acute Kidney Injury - AKI Workup Algorithm and Differential Diagnosis
Baseline Investigations: full blood count with differential,
Acute Kidney Injury ... and Differential Diagnosis ... ultrasonography, serum ... syndrome: troponin ... #nephrology #causes
Workup for Hypophosphatemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework
Rule out spurious hypophosphatemia: paraproteinemia, acute leukemia
Measure Urine Fractional Excretion
- Differential Diagnosis ... paraproteinemia, acute ... Urine Fractional Excretion ... FEPO4 ≥ 5% - Renal ... Workup #phosphate #nephrology
Albuminuria (Grades) and Risk for CKD
Normal to mildly increased albuminuria:
 - Albumin excretion rate: < 30
associated with worse renal ... proteinuria with edema ... defined as nephrotic syndrome ... classification #CKD #nephrology ... #diagnosis #proteinuria
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Excretion: • ... potassium #high #nephrology
Causes of Hypomagnesemia
 • Redistribution: IV glucose, Correction of diabetic ketoacidosis, IV hyperalimentation, Refeeding after starvation,
after starvation, Acute ... steatorrhea) • Renal ... Tubulointerstitial renal ... #differential #diagnosis ... #nephrology #magnesium
Posterior Reversible Encephalopathy Syndrome (PRES) Overview

Clinico-Radiological Syndrome, characterized by:
 • Headache
 • Seizures
 • Altered mental
Immunosuppressive agents, Renal ... Neurological symptoms: Acute ... , ADEM, Acute toxic ... #diagnosis #management ... #neurology
Hyperkalemia - Differential Diagnosis Framework

PseudoHyperkalemia:
 • Lab error
 • Traumatic venipuncture
 • Hemolysis, thrombocytosis, leukocytosis
 •
- Differential Diagnosis ... transfusion • HTN and edema ... - Tumor lysis syndrome ... Excretion: • ... potassium #high #nephrology
Oncologic Emergencies - Differential Diagnosis Framework

HEMATOLOGIC ONCOLOGIC EMERGENCIES:
Hyperviscosity Syndrome:
 • Spontaneous bleeding
 • Shortness of breath
- Differential Diagnosis ... retinal veins, serum ... : • Facial edema ... Hyperuricemia • Acute ... renal failure