9 results
Imaging Modalities for Renal Calculus

AXR. KUB
 - Good far calcium-containing stones useful when limited radiation dose
is desirable, e.g ... obstruction - Able ... causes of flank ... MRI - Limited value ... causes of obstruction
Causes of Acute Kidney Injury ( AKI ) - Prerenal, Renal, and Postrenal

PRE-RENAL 
Impaired perfusion: 
•
Causes of Acute ... Urinary calculi ... Urethral stricture/valves ... /phimosis #Diagnosis ... #Differential #Nephrology
Common causes of Acute Kidney Injury AKI - Differential Diagnosis
HEMODYNAMIC
 • Cardiac failure: Impaired forward flow,
Common causes of ... - Differential Diagnosis ... thromboembolism, renal ... OBSTRUCTIVE • Urinary calculi ... #nephrology
Causes of Secondary Hypertension - Workup and Differential Diagnosis
Approach (when evaluation should be done):
1. Severe or
and Differential Diagnosis ... with previously stable ... values. 3. ... heart failure, neurologic ... Neurologic disorders
Shock - Differential Diagnosis Framework
MAP = CO x SVR
Hypovolemic (↓ Intravascular volume):
 • Hemorrhage, dehydration due
- Differential Diagnosis ... dehydration due to renal ... Vascular → PE, PAH ... findings based on cause ... #table #comparison
Differentiating NBTE from Infective Endocarditis
No pathognomonic signs/symptoms or echo features that are specific to NBTE, and
is required for diagnosis ... left-sided heart valves ... in up to 30% of cases ... #Endocarditis #comparison ... #table
Common Ulcers of the Ankles and Feet

Chronic Venous Insuffciency 
This condition usually appears over the medial
areas of trauma (e.g ... skin shows no callus ... diabetic neuropathy, neurologic ... uncomplicated cases ... Clinical #Podiatry #Comparison
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis ... heparinized tube) • ECG ... only if no clear cause ... Elimination (see Table ... Treatment #potassium #nephrology
Headaches Overview - Primary vs Secondary Headaches

What’s the Core Difference?
 • Primary headache = headache is
hydrocephalus) • Neurologic ... Common Secondary Causes ... : • SAH (Thunderclap ... Primary #Secondary #Comparison ... #Neurology #Diagnosis