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diagnosis rheumatology causes hemolytic algorithm ana agglutinin atlas bloodcell cirrhosis cold disease erythematosus extravascular hepatology intravascular lupus microscopy morphology myopathy
Diagnostic Framework for Hemolysis - Intravascular vs Extravascular Causes Intravascular Hemolysis: • Mechanical Trauma (Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia):
anemia): ... uremic syndrome ... Extravascular #Causes #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology ... #anemia
Antinuclear Antibodies (ANA) ANA or Anti-NucIear Antibody refers to antibodies against antigens in the nucleus → like
Antinuclear Antibodies ... SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... (SS), Polymyositis ... #patterns #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #differential
ANA Patterns and Associated Rheumatic Diseases: • Homogeneous: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Mixed connective tissue disease
SLE), Sjogren's Syndrome ... Kumfer @AnnKumfer #Antinuclear ... #Antibodies #ANA ... #patterns #rheumatology ... #diagnosis #differential
Causes of Thrombocytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia • Toxic Damage (e.g.
Thrombocytopenia - Differential ... Megakaryopoiesis • Aplastic Anemia ... • anti-HLA antibodies ... Non-lmmune: • HELLP Syndrome ... Algorithm #Causes #Hematology
Hemolytic Anemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm • Sickle cells - Consider sickle cell disease (diverse genotypes):
Hemolytic Anemia ... - Differential ... elliptocytosis, autoimmune ... #Anemia #Differential ... Algorithm #workup #hematology
Pancytopenia - Differential Diagnosis Congenital Diseases: • GATA2 deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia • Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome • Ribosomopathy or telomeropathy Cancer: • Leukemia • Lymphoma Inflammatory
deficiency • Fanconi’s anemia ... Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome ... Inflammatory and Autoimmune ... Antibody-mediated hemolysis ... #Diagnosis #Hematology
Cold Agglutinin Disease 3 Types of Cold Sensitive Antibodies: 1. Cold Agglutinins (CAD) 2. Donath-Landsteiner
Cold Agglutinin Syndrome ... Viral infection, autoimmune ... CLL (older) • Autoimmune ... younger pts) Differential ... #anemia #hematology
Red Blood Cell (RBC) Morphology Microcytic RBC: Pyridoxine deficiency, Thalassemia, Iron deficiency anemia, Chronic disease anemia (sometimes),
hemolytic anemia ... RBC: Hemoglobin SS ... hemolytic anemia ... RBC #Morphology #differential ... #diagnosis #hematology
Causes of Thrombocytosis - Differential Diagnosis Secondary Thrombocytosis (a.k.a Reactive Thrombocytosis): • Acute infection • Solid organ
malignancies • Anemia ... iron deficiency, hemolysis ... disorders (e.g. autoimmune ... Myelodysplastic syndrome ... Diagnosis #Causes #hematology
Hemolysis - Differential Diagnosis Framework 1) Environment - Fragmentation - MAHA: TTP, HUS, DIC, HELLP
Hemolysis - Differential ... Membrane): - Autoimmune ... Drug-associated, PCH, Evans Syndrome ... Defects: Sickle cell anemia ... Diagnosis #hematology
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