9 results
Acid Base Disorders - Blood Gas Interpretation

Steps for Blood Gas Interpretation: 
1. Acidemia or Alkalemia? 
2.
Acid Base Disorders ... : Anion Gap (AG ... AG metabolic acidosis ... AG metabolic acidosis ... Diagnosis #Summary #Nephrology
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Extra-renal Losses:
 • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake
 • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Diagnosis Algorithm ... • Normal Acid-Base ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup

NAGMA
- Chem, ABG or VBG
- Calculate Anion
NAGMA - Chem, ABG ... Anion Gap - UAG ... normal Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... - Diarrhea - High ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm

Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
Algorithm Before ... A urine K/Cr ratio ... urinary losses: • High ... - Metabolic acidosis ... #nephrology #low
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm
Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis
 • Kidney loss of Cl-
poisoning Normal acid-base ... the indicated causes ... , a high urine chloride ... of sodium and potassium ... #Algorithm #nephrology
Hyperuricemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm
Primary - Over-production
     • Increased turnover of nucleotides
Primary
Lymphoproliferative Disorders ... Drug-induced • High ... • Diabetic acidosis ... Sarcoidosis • Hypercalcemia ... endocrinology #causes
Hyperkalemia - Diagnosis and Management - GrepMed Handbook

S/Sx: Most pts asymptomatic. Weakness, cramping, nausea, paresthesias, palpitations,
(Assess GFR), ±VBG ... lysis) ± Urine ... only if no clear cause ... Management #Treatment #potassium ... #nephrology #K
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. 
***Typical presentations: 
 • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... Na/Cl < 0.7, high ... correcting serum potassium ... continued in most cases ... #nephrology
Physiologic Approach to Hypotonic Hyponatremia
The next time you have a case of hypotonic hyponatremia, give the
time you have a case ... normal volume-based ... algorithm Urine ... diuresis can be high ... table #sodium #nephrology