11 results
diagnosis hypokalemia causes low metabolic acidosis alkalosis gitelman hyponatremia hypotonic management nagma nonaniongap pathophysiology physiologic sodium syndrome table urinary workup
Metabolic Alkalosis - Urinary Chloride Algorithm Cl- responsive metabolic alkalosis • Kidney loss of Cl-
diuretic use, Bartter ... urine chloride ... of sodium and potassium ... #urine #Algorithm ... #nephrology #differential
Algorithm for patients with hypokalemia on the basis of the potassium-to-creatinine ratio in the urine Urine K+
with hypokalemia ... Mg2+ deficiency, Bartter ... #urine #potassium ... #differential # ... #nephrology
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic algorithm Decreased renal potassium excretion • Acute renal failure • Chronic renal failure • Drugs Increased
Hyperkalemia: Diagnostic ... algorithm Decreased ... , Renin High: ... #nephrology #potassium ... #differential
Hypokalemia Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Hypertensive: • High Al, Low R - Primary aldosteronism • High Al, High
Hypokalemia Differential ... Diagnosis Algorithm ... h - Diuretics, Bartter's ... #nephrology #causes ... #low #potassium
Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Extra-renal Losses: • Normal Acid-Base: Low intake • Metabolic acidosis: Gl tract
Hypokalemia - Differential ... Extra-renal Losses: • Normal ... Syndrome • HTN, High ... #causes #potassium ... #low #nephrology
Hypokalemia Evaluation Algorithm Before evaluating hypokalemia, life threatening complications such as arrhythmias and paralysis should be looked
urinary losses: • High ... consumption • Low/Normal ... Emesis, Diuretics, Bartter ... #differential # ... potassium #nephrology
Normal Anion-Gap Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential Diagnosis Framework and Workup NAGMA - Chem, ABG or VBG - Calculate Anion
Acidosis (NAGMA) - Differential ... Calculate Anion Gap - UAG ... Chloride Intoxication ... Type 4: Hyperkalemic ... Diagnosis #Workup #nephrology
Gitelman Syndrome Overview What? • Inherited (AR) hypokalemic salt-losing tubulopathies affecting the thiazide-sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter • Gitelman's syndrome
Metabolic alkalosis • Normal ... (renal potassium ... Hypocalciuria (spot urine ... ratio 0.5%) Differential ... Syndrome #diagnosis #nephrology
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm for hypokalemia. ***Typical presentations: • Vomiting: urine Na/Cl > 1.6, low urine
Pragmatic diagnostic algorithm ... Na/Cl < 0.7, high ... correcting serum potassium ... #diagnosis #differential ... #algorithm #nephrology
Causes of Hypokalemia - Differential Diagnosis Algorithm Decreased intake (rare cause in isolation) GI loss - Urine loss
Causes of Hypokalemia ... - Differential ... isolation) GI loss - Urine ... Loop diuretics / Bartter's ... #Nephrology #Differential
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